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Which group of barbarian invaders at one time controlled part of italy and formed a kingdom in southern france, and were forced into spain by the franks?

Which style of polyphony uses a borrowed chant and arranges several new melodies and texts above and unrelated to the chant?

How did brunelleschi solve his problem with the dome of the florence cathedral? a. he created an outer support shell. b. he created many layers of support within the dome. c. he created external supports for the dome. d. all of the above