which of the following ecological levels of organization includes abiotic factors.

a. community.
b. ecosystem.
c. population.
d. all of these

Ecosystem levels of organization includes abiotic factors.

Option B

Explanation:

In science, the term species alludes to all creatures of a similar kind that are conceivably skilled, under regular conditions, of rearing and delivering rich posterity. The individuals from an animal type living in a given zone simultaneously comprise a populace. Every one of the populaces living and interfacing inside a specific geographic zone makes up a natural (or biotic) community.

The living life forms in a network together with their nonliving or abiotic condition make up an ecosystem. In general, an ecosystem it can be as little as a couple of mosquito hatchlings living in a downpour puddle or as huge as prairie extending crosswise over a huge number of kilometers.

1: the largest region of the brain is the:

  cerebrum

2. the term "psychology" literally means:

the process or procedure of the science or study of the mind.

3. the area of the brain responsible for respiration, heart rate, and smooth muscle control of our blood vessels is t

medulla oblongata

4. the structure that conducts nerve impulses to and from the brain and serves as a reflex center for some sensory information without input from the brain is the:

spinal cord

5. the three-layered membrane that covers the brain and spinal cord and literally means membrane is called the:

meninges

6. the cord-like (string-like) structures that carry bio-electrical impulses from one part of the body to another are called

nerves

7. a group of nerve cell bodies that are found outside of the spinal cord and brain are referred to as:

ganglions or ganglia (pl.) “literal meaning knot”

8. the term that means spinal cord inflammation is:

myel/itis