Human insulin producing bacteria are not only common and useful for genetic engineering there are other organisms that have at least one gene from another organism spliced into their own genetic make up these organisms are called?

The answer is; genetically modified organism (GMOs) or Transgenic Organisms

The process of developing these organisms is called genetic engineering. There are several ways of introducing foreign genetic material in an organism; transformation and transduction. This same method has been used to create the famous BT cotton that is resistant to pests.

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many other transport proteins, often called pumps, move materials against a concentration gradient. active transport drives molecules across a membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration. this process, shown in figure 5.1, uses transport proteins powered by chemi- cal energy.