Can atp production take place in chloroplasts in the absence of light? why or why not? atp production can proceed as long as there is a hydrogen ion gradient across the thylakoid membrane. chlorophyll antenna complexes must be active for the redox reactions of electron transport to be functional. the energy required for the phosphorylation of adp in chloroplasts can be supplied only by photon absorption. photons are absolutely required for photosynthesis to work.

Researchers randomly divide participants into groups. each group takes a different amount of omega-3 fatty acid supplements daily for a month. one group receives a placebo. the researchers measure the impact on cholesterol levels in the blood. what is the purpose of random assignment in this experiment? a, to produce treatment groups with similar characteristics b, to ensure that all people with high cholesterol have an equal chance of being selected for the study c, to increase the accuracy of the research results and prevent skewness in the data

What is thought to have caused the mass extinction at the end of the cretaceous period?

African penguins, which inhabit the coasts of southern africa, were classified as an endangered species in 2010. two significant threats to their survival are ecosystem damage from oil spills and overfishing by humans. overfishing depletes the food supply of african penguins. the best method to reduce the threat of overfishing would be to . the risk of oil spills could be reduced by increasing the use of , which should oil consumption. if an oil spill does occur, could be used to remove the oil so the ecosystem may more quickly recover.