Many times an adaptation arises in a population due to which of the following?

select one:
a. a conscious decision by an organism to change its appearance
b. the mating of two organisms with very different traits
c. a mutation in the dna that changes the protein produced
d. none of the above
clear my choice

Ineed the definitions of all of these words nasap i will give 1o points to whoever awnsers

You have a solution that contains phospholipid vesicles in a test tube. these vesicles have phospholipid bilayers, but do not contain any membrane transporters. you add a number of different molecules to the solution, and wait a period of time for them to equilibrate. if you could measure the concentration of each molecule, for which of the following would you expect to measure equal concentrations inside and outside of the vesicles? assume for this question that the overall osmolarity inside and outside the vesicles is the same (that is, there is no appreciable diffusion of water across the membrane). (select two answers) an amino acid with a hydrophobic side-chain a small non-polar molecule a negatively charged ion a small polar molecule a small lipid hormone

The eruption of a nearby volcano causes a prairie ecosystem to receive a lot less sunlight.which of these is the most likely effect on the ecosystem? a-an increase in biodiversity. b-an increase in immigration to the area. c-a decrease in available water. d-a decrease in plant growth.