Coat color in cattle is an example of incomplete dominance. When cattle with solid white coats (W) are mated to cattle with solid red coats (R), the offspring are roan (WR), meaning they have coats containing both white and red hairs. A farmer mates two roan cattle. What is the chance that their offspring will have solid white coats? *

There is a 25% chance for solid white coats.

Explanation:

To check the chances of a solid white coat offspring being formed, lets make a punnet square.

The gametes of the parents will be W and R v/s W and R.

         W           R

W    WW        WR

R     WR         RR

A punnet square is a diagram which is made to test the outcomes of a cross.

As the following punnet square shows:

c. earths continental crust is thicker than its lithosphere.

because, the lithosphere is the outermost layer of the earth/ 100 km thick and is defined by its machanical properties.the lithosphere contains oceanic and continental crust that varies in age and thickness across locations and geologic time. the lithosphere is the coolest layer of the earth in terms of temperature. the term lithosphere should not be confused with the use of "geosphere" which is used to indicate all of earth systems, including the atmosphere, hydrosphere   and biosphere. the surface of the earth can be divided into the continental crust and the oceanic crust.   the continental crust is made mostly of granite while the oceanic crust is made of basalt. the average thickness of the continental crust is 25 miles and the average thickness of the oceanic crust is 5 miles.   three types of rock, igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic, make up the surface of the earth. that's why 3 option is preferable.

unicellular organisms, like bacteria, are able to perform all life functions within one single cell. multicellular organisms need many different types of cells to carry out the same life processes. each of these special types of cells has a different structure that it perform a specific function.