. How long has it taken barren rock to become paradise?

Volcanoes are created over approximately 10,000-500,000 years by thousands of eruptions -- each lava flow covering the one before it. In the case of oceanic island volcanoes, lava erupts first from fissures, or cracks, on the deep ocean floor. The flows continue to build up and finally an island emerges from the sea.

Explanation:

i licked it up... ;-)

all matter is made up of atoms

in any element all atoms are the same

elements in a compound are always in a constant ratio: apex