What is a functional adaptation of a butterfly

Butterflies survive long enough to reproduce by avoiding the many predators that feed on them, such as birds, amphibians, reptiles and mammals. One of the butterfly's adaptations for predator avoidance is to have the same color or pattern as its surroundings, making it difficult to see.

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the answer is; comparing the frequency of collisions with and without the device

this makes the anti-collision system an independent variable and the collisions a dependent variable. if there are fewer collisions with an anti-collision system that without, then it can be stated that the system is a success. essentially, collisions under an anti-collision system are compared with the frequency of collisions by cars with the human drivers.