Biology, 12.10.2019 12:00 tjaigirl

Hypothesize a mechanism to explain how tissues respond to insulin in different ways, even tisses that have the same amount of receptors

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The major effects of insulin on muscle and adipose tissue are: (1) Carbohydrate metabolism: (a) it increases the rate of glucose transport across the cell membrane, (b) it increases the rate of glycolysis by increasing hexokinase and 6-phosphofructokinase activity, (c) it stimulates the rate of glycogen synthesis and decreases the rate of glycogen breakdown. (2) Lipid metabolism: (a) it decreases the rate of lipolysis in adipose tissue and hence lowers the plasma fatty acid level, (b) it stimulates fatty acid and triacylglycerol synthesis in tissues, (c) it increases the uptake of triglycerides from the blood into adipose tissue and muscle, (d) it decreases the rate of fatty acid oxidation in muscle and liver. (3) Protein metabolism: (a) it increases the rate of transport of some amino acids into tissues, (b) it increases the rate of protein synthesis in muscle, adipose tissue, liver, and other tissues, (c) it decreases the rate of protein degradation in muscle (and perhaps other tissues). These insulin effects serve to encourage the synthesis of carbohydrate, fat and protein, therefore, insulin can be considered to be an anabolic hormone.

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Answer from: coco6687

Insulin is secreted by pancreas.

Further Explanation:

Pancreas acts as the endocrine gland as it secretes hormones like insulin. Insulin decreases the blood sugar level.

The glucose is present inside the vesicle present within β- cell of pancreas. When the glucose level enhances in the blood, glucose is transported inside the β- cell by GLUT 2 and a signaling cascade occurs which results in movement of vesicles to the cell membrane and releases the insulin.

Effects of insulin are:

1. It facilitates the entrance of glucose into adipose tissue and muscle.

2. It induces the liver to store glucose into the glycogen form.

3. It decreases the concentration of glucose into blood.

4. Promotes the synthesis of fatty acid in liver.

Receptors are the molecules that binds to the ligand and starts cascades of signalling reactions. It is present either in the plasma membrane of the cell or in the cytoplasm or nucleus of the cell.

Learn more:

1. Learn more about heart

2. Learn more about blood

3. Learn more about hormone

Answer details:

Grade: College biology

Subject: Biology

Chapter: Hormones

Keywords:

Pancreas, endocrine gland, insulin, β- cell, GLUT 2, signaling cascade, glucose, adipose tissue, muscle, glycogen, fatty acid, liver.

Answer from: Quest

the oxygenated blood then leaves the lungs through pulmonary veins, which return it to the left heart, completing the pulmonary cycle. this blood then enters the left atrium, which pumps it through the mitral valve into the left ventricle. from the left ventricle, the blood passes through the aortic valve to the aorta.

deoxygenated blood leaves through the right ventricle through the pulmonary artery. from the right atrium, the blood is pumped through the tricuspid valve (or right atrioventricular valve), into the right ventricle.

Place the parts of the circulatory system in the correct order to describe the flow of oxygenated an

Answer from: Quest

this is math not biology xd

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