They are passed down through gametes from each parent, which are created by the process known as

Meiosis

Explanation:

Meiosis is defined as a type of cell division process in which there occurs involvement of reproductive organs in order to produce the gametes, namely the sperm in the males and eggs in the females.

In this process, a single parent cell splits twice to generate four daughter cells which are comprised of half of the genetic characteristics. The main objective of this process is to decrease the normal diploid cells into haploid cells.

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