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which feature of four different marine fossils makes the fossil organism most similar to the present-day organism with four limbs?

undifferentiated vertebrae throughout the body
one neck vertebra allowing up and down movement
many neck vertebrae that allow for greater mobility
two neck vertebrae allowing up and down and sideways movement

question 3(multiple choice worth 3 points)

(02.03 lc)

what does the theory of evolution tell us about living things?

the environment can make them change rapidly over a short period of time.
they create fossils when they die.
their environment makes them change slowly over time.
they can give us clues about extinct species.

question 4 (true/false worth 3 points)

(02.03 lc)

new evidence can lead to a change in scientific knowledge.

true
false

question 5(multiple choice worth 3 points)

(02.03 mc)

which physical evidence supports the theory of the existence of a large supercontinent in the past?

common land mammal fossils found in present-day continents
heating and cooling of magma generates convection currents
frequent volcanic eruptions along a plate boundary
oceanic ridge near a divergent plate boundary

question 6(multiple choice worth 3 points)

(02.03 lc)

scientists can use rock layers to determine which of the following?

the mass of earth
the size of earth
the age of earth
the amount of land on earth

question 7 (essay worth 3 points)

(02.03 hc)

examine the layers of rock. identify and explain which layer contains the oldest fossils.

earth layers with fossiles in each labeled top to bottom a to d.

question 8 (essay worth 3 points)

(02.03 hc)

explain how scientists use geologic time to determine the age of landforms.

We have the following answers for the question and they are explained below;

Q-1:option D: Is the best option to choose from,

"Two neck vertebrae allowing up and down and sideways movement."

Q-2,3:Option D is the best to chose from;

They can give us clues about extinct species.

Q-4: False,

Q-5:D option:It Is the best choice to choose from the given four,

Q-6:C option:It is the best to choose from the four,

Answers of 7 and 8, along with rest of the explanation are given below.

Explanation:

Answer- 1:Two neck vertebrae allowing up and down and sideways movement:

As lineages moved into shallower water and onto land, the vertebral column gradually evolved as well. You may have noticed that fishes have no necks. Their heads are simply connected to their shoulders, and their individual vertebrae look quite similar to one another, all the way down the body. Mobile necks allow land animals to look down to see the things on the ground that they might want to eat. In shallow water dwellers and land dwellers, the first neck vertebra evolved different shapes, which allowed the animals to move their heads up and down. Eventually, the second neck vertebra evolved as well, allowing them to move their heads left and right. Later tetra-pods evolved necks with seven or more vertebrae, some long and some short, permitting even more mobility.

Answer-2,3:

These theories in biology postulating that the various types of plants, animals, and other living things on Earth have their origin in other preexisting types and that the distinguishable differences are due to modifications in successive generations.

Answer-4:

Science consists of two things: A body of knowledge and the process by which that knowledge is produced. This second component of science provides us with a way of thinking and knowing about the world.As scientists analyze and interpret their data (see our Data Analysis and Interpretation module), they generate hypotheses, theories, or laws (see our Theories, Hypotheses, and Laws module), which help explain their results and place them in context of the larger body of scientific knowledge.

Answer-5:

Seafloor spreading helps explain continental drift in the theory of plate tectonics. When oceanic plates diverge, tensional stress causes fractures to occur in the lithosphere. The motivating force for seafloor spreading ridges is tectonic plate slab pull at subduction zones, rather than magma pressure, although there is typically significant magma activity at spreading ridges.

Answer-6:

We study Earth's history by studying the record of past events that is preserved in the rocks.Law of Superposition: As it is fundamental to the interpretation of Earth history, because at any one location it indicates the relative ages of rock layers and the fossils in them.

Answer-7:

Over a long time, layers and layers of sediments get deposited on top of each other, the weight of the top layers presses down on the bottom layers, forming them into rock called sedimentary rock. The oldest layers are on the bottom, and the youngest layers are on the top. Because sediments sometimes include once-living organisms, sedimentary rock often contains a lot of fossils.The Earth has three different sections from exterior to interior they are crust, mantle and core. Fossils are only found in the crust. Then they are, almost always, found in sedimentary rocks, not igneous and not metamorphic. Although extremely rare fossils have been found in both those rock types also.

Answer- 8:

Geochronology, is some of the purest detective work earth scientists do.There are two basic approaches: relative age dating, and absolute age dating.To determine the relative age of different rocks, geologists start with the assumption that unless something has happened, in a sequence of sedimentary rock layers, the newer rock layers will be on top of older ones. This is called the Rule of Superposition.With absolute age dating, you get a real age in actual years. It’s based either on fossils which are recognized to represent a particular interval of time, or on radioactive decay of specific isotopes. Rock layers are also called strata (the plural form of the Latin word stratum), and stratigraphy is the science of strata. Stratigraphy deals with all the characteristics of layered rocks; it includes the study of how these rocks relate to time.