PLEASE ANSWER ALL 2. Give an example of how each of the following factors (native populations, food, shelter, water, space, disease, parasitism, predation, and nesting sites) could have an effect if they were changed for a population of lizards.


3. In any ecosystem, the survival of a species depends on the resources that are available. Beneath the tree canopy in a tropical rainforest, growth of some plants on the ground level in this increasing?

A. carbon dioxide
B. minerals
C. sunlight
D. water


4. Tracey is studying the population changes. She notices that many years ago, a species of frog had a rapid increase in population, but then the population leveled off and has remained steady ever since. Which of the following best explains why the frog population would remain steady instead of increasing?

A. predators started to eat the frogs instead of other animals
B. the frogs probably caught various diseases that killed most of them off.
C. the frogs growth was limited by the amount of sunlight the area received
D. the resources were limited and could only support a certain number of frogs.


5. In a pond ecosystem, consumers can range from microscopic shrimp to large carnivorous fish. Limiting factors in the pond ecosystem can include sunlight, carbon dioxide, nutrients, and space. If the amount of sunlight were reduced, what effect would this have on the ecosystem?

A. the population of a producers would increase
B. the biodiversity in the pond would decrease
C. the number of primary consumers would increase
D. the body size of secondary consumers would decrease


6. Give 3 examples of a producer, consumer and decomposer.

Producer:
Consumer:
Decomposer:


7. Explain the energy transfer in a food web:


8. Energy from food moves through food webs. Which statement correctly describes this energy?

A. food energy is energy released when food is cooked
B. food energy is kinetic energy that gets released when needed
C. food energy is chemical energy in the bonds of food molecules
D. food energy is the energy shared among a single species in an ecosystem


9. Energy gets transferred through the food web as plants that produce food are consumed by animals that consume plants. The energy is further transfer through animals that consume other animals. Which statement explains what happens to this energy when a plant dies before it is consumed?

A. the energy disappears
B. the energy must go to new plants that grow out of dead organism
C. the energy can only go to an animal scavenger that eats the dead organism
D. decomposer that break down the dead organism take in the stored energy


10. Give the definition:

Mutualism:
Predation:
Parasitism:
Competition:
Commensalism:


11. Commensalism is the relationship between organisms where one organism benefits while the other is not affected. Which set of organisms is an example of this close interaction?

A. clownfish and sea anemone
B. flower and bee
C. tapeworm and dog
D. tick and cow


12. Both mistletoe and spanish moss live in many trees in Florida. Mistletoe, however, is considered a partial parasite, and spanish moss is a commensal. They both survive quite well, but some of the trees they live in do not. How are some of the trees affected by these plants?

A. the tree lined with spanish moss cannot grow under moss
B. the trees lined with spanish moss die quickly from being root-bound
C. the trees are disadvantaged because mistletoe robs them of nutrients
D. the trees are healthier because mistletoe provided extra nutrients to the trees


13. Cleaner fish feed on parasites in a sharks mouth and gills. Which of the following best describes the relationship between the cleaner fish and the shark?

A. competitive
B. mutualism
C. nonexistent
D. parasitic


14. Many lichens are composed of fungi and algae. The fungi gets sugars from the algae, and the algae get water, minerals, and proteins from the fungi. Which of the following terms best describes the relationship between the organism in the lichens ?

A. commensalism
B. competition
C. mutualism
D. parasitism


15. Define the vocabulary that has had a negative impacted on the Earth, such as deforestation, urbanization, desertification, erosion, air and water quality. Give an example of each.

Deforestation:
Urbanization:
Desertification:
Erosion:
Air and water quality: