What gives the tourists the advantage of being able to pay "2nd price" or even "3rd price" for their souvenirs, when the locals can’t do that when they buy things they need at the shops in Angoram?

There might be a passage attached but from a general perspective, tourists usually have an advantage in bargaining for souvenirs because they are the only market being sold to. Souvenirs are usually made exclusively for tourists which gives them bargaining power because if the tourists do not buy the goods, no one else will. The number of locals who will buy souvenirs from other locals is statistically insignificant because the locals make the souvenirs themselves.

When they go into the town or city of Angoram, you find that the shops there are selling to many more buyers and so the prices are set and cannot be bargained. This is why the locals cannot ask for 2nd or 3rd prices.

being born in poverty would limit the people's chances, opportunities and benefits.

this happen because of several things, such as:

- poor people tend to gain less access to good education and nutrition. this mean that their chance to obtain high paying jobs would also be limited.

- poor people tend to socialize with other poor people while the rich tend to socialize with other rich people. this means that simply throguh their social circle, rich people would have more business opportunities compared to the poor people.

- rich people tend to have more capital in their disposal. this would benefit them in business since it is far easier for them to fund their business operation compared to poor people.