On December 31, 2018, a company had assets of $20 billion and stockholders' equity of $16 billion. That same company had assets of $40 billion and stockholders' equity of $13 billion as of December 31, 2019. During 2019, the company reported total sales revenue of $13 billion and total expenses of $11 billion. What is the company's debt-to-assets ratio on December 31, 2019

At a student café, there are equal numbers of two types of customers with the following values. the café owner cannot distinguish between the two types of students because many students without early classes arrive early anyway (i.e., she cannot price-discriminate). students with early classes students without early classes coffee 70 60 banana 51 101 the marginal cost of coffee is 10 and the marginal cost of a banana is 40. the café owner is considering three pricing strategies: 1. mixed bundling: price bundle of coffee and a banana for 161, or just a coffee for 70. 2. price separately: offer coffee at 60, price a banana at 101. 3. bundle only: coffee and a banana for 121. do not offer goods separately. assume that if the price of an item or bundle is no more than exactly equal to a student's willingness to pay, then the student will purchase the item or bundle. for simplicity, assume there is just one student with an early class, and one student without an early class. price strategy revenue from pricing strategy cost from pricing strategy profit from pricing strategy 1. mixed bundling $ $ $ 2. price separately $ $ $ 3. bundle only $ $ $ pricing strategy yields the highest profit for the café owner.

Randall's, inc. has 20,000 shares of stock outstanding with a par value of $1.00 per share. the market value is $12 per share. the balance sheet shows $42,000 in the capital in excess of par account, $20,000 in the common stock account, and $50,500 in the retained earnings account. the firm just announced a 5 percent (small) stock dividend. what will the balance in the retained earnings account be after the dividend?

Russell's is considering purchasing $697,400 of equipment for a four-year project. the equipment falls in the five-year macrs class with annual percentages of .2, .32, .192, .1152, .1152, and .0576 for years 1 to 6, respectively. at the end of the project the equipment can be sold for an estimated $135,000. the required return is 13.2 percent and the tax rate is 23 percent. what is the amount of the aftertax salvage value of the equipment assuming no bonus depreciation is taken