Chemistry, 02.07.2019 17:00 nevecronin

Electrophilic addition of hbr to 3-methyl-2-hexene creates an asymmetric center at c-2. what is the product of this reaction?

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Answer from: pizzacrust1633

This reaction would give rise to two products.

2-bromo-3-methylhexane, and3-bromo-3-methylhexane.

However, 2-bromo-3-methylhexane would be more common than 3-bromo-3-methylhexane among the products.

The hydrogen atom in a hydrogen bromide molecule carries a partial positive charge. It is attracted to the double bond region with a high electron density. The hydrogen-bromine bond breaks when HBr gets too close to a double bond to produces a proton $\text{H}^{+}$ and a bromide ion $\text{Br}^{-}$ .

The proton would attack the double bond to produce a carbocation. It could attach itself to either the second or the third carbon atom.

$\phantom{\text{H}_3\text{C}-\text{CH}-\;}+\\\text{H}_3\text{C}-\text{CH}-\text{CH}-\text{CH}_2-\text{CH}_2-\text{CH}_3\\\phantom{\text{H}_3\text{C}-\;\;}|\phantom{\text{CH}-}\;}|\\\phantom{\text{H}_3\text{C}-\;} \text{H}\phantom{\text{CH}}\;\;}\text{CH}_3$ $\phantom{\text{H}_3\text{C}-\text{CH}-}\;\;\text{H}\\\phantom{\text{H}_3\text{C}-\;}+\phantom{\text{H}-\;}|\\\text{H}_3\text{C}-\text{CH}-\text{CH}-\text{CH}_2-\text{CH}_2-\text{CH}_3\\\phantom{\text{H}_3\text{C}-\;\;\;}\phantom{\text{CH}-}\;}|\\\phantom{\text{H}_3\text{C}-\;} \phantom{\text{H}}\phantom{\text{CH}}\;\;}\text{CH}_3$

Carbocations are unstable and might decompose over time. The first carbocation is more stable than the second for having three alkyl groups- i.e., straight carbon chains- attached to the center of the positive charge. Alkyl groups have stabilizing positive induction effect on positively-charged carbon. The second carbocation has only two, and is therefore not as stable. The first carbocation thus has the greatest chance to react with a bromide ion to produce a stable halocarbon.

Bromide ions are negatively charged. They attach themselves to carbocations at the center of positive charge. Adding a bromide ion to the first carbocation would produce 3-bromo-3-methylhexane whereas adding to the second produces 2-bromo-3-methylhexane.

The most likely product of this reaction is therefore 3-bromo-3-methylhexane.

Answer from: Quest

the ratio of the conjugate base to the acid required to attain the desired ph.

Answer from: Quest

The answer to your question really depends on three things: how much water you have, how cold it is to start out, and how cold the things around it are. water actually freezes when it gets to 32 degrees fahrenheit (0 degrees celsius), but the time it takes to get there may be different. let's start with the first. if you take two glasses, and fill one with a tiny bit of water, and the other about halfway, then put them both in the freezer, the one with less water will freeze first (you can try this at home, but i recommend using plastic cups and not glass ones). now let's move on to the second part. let's say you have two glasses, and you fill one with really cold water that has been in the refrigerator, and the other with really hot water from the sink. if you put both of them in the freezer, the one that started out colder will freeze first. for the third part, let's imagine that you have two glasses with the same amount of water in them, and the water is at the same temperature. imagine putting one outside on a really really cold day in georgia, and having a friend in alaska put one outside on the same day. since it would be so much colder in alaska, the glass of water there would freeze before yours. so, if you took a tiny bit of really cold water in a glass, and put it outside on a cold day in alaska, it would freeze a lot faster than a big glass of hot water outside on a cold day in georgia.

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Electrophilic addition of hbr to 3-methyl-2-hexene creates an asymmetric center at c-2. what is the...