Carbon dioxide (co2) at 1 bar, 300 k enters a compressor operating at steady state and is compressed adiabatically to an exit state of 10 bar, 550 k. the co2 is modeled as an ideal gas, and kinetic and potential energy effects are negligible. for the compressor, determine: (a) the work input, in kj per kg of co2 flowing, (b) the rate of entropy production, in kj/k per kg of co2 flowing, and (c) the percent isentropic compressor efficiency.

it can be observed without changing the identity of the object.

it depends on what substance you're talking about as well as many other factors. in quantum mechanics, the observation of particles affects the observers ability to measure certain properties. for example: you can know the velocity of a particle, but you can't know it's position; or you can know it's position, but not it's velocity. it's like trying to find out where a grain of sand is by throwing other grains of sand at it. once you find out where it is, it's been moved. it's also like trying to find an answer to the question of whether or not a tree falling in a forest makes a sound if nobody is there to hear it. paradoxically, the only way to find out is to be there and hear it.

c. electrical charges of ionic bonds.