The volume of an ideal gas is held constant. Determine the ratio P2/P1 of the final pressure to the initial pressure when the temperature of the gas rises (a) from 48 to 96 K and (b) from 26.0 to 68.7 oC.

A. 2

B. 1.14

Explanation:

A. Data obtained from the question include:

Initial temperature (T1) = 48K

Final temperature (T2) = 96K

Final pressure (P2)/initial pressure (P1) =?

Since the volume is constant, we shall determine the ratio of final pressure to initial pressure (P2/P1) by applying the following equation:

P1/T1 = P2/T2

P1/48 = P2 /96

Cross multiply

48 x P2 = P1 x 96

Divide both side by 48

P2 = P1 x 96/48

Divide both side P1

P2/P1 = 96/48

P2/P1 = 2

Therefore, the ratio of final pressure to the initial pressure is 2

B. Data obtained from the question include:

Initial temperature (T1) = 26°C = 26°C + 273 = 299K

Final temperature (T2) = 68.7°C = 68.7°C + 273 = 341.7K

Final pressure (P2)/initial pressure (P1) =?

Since the volume is constant, we shall determine the ratio of final pressure to initial pressure (P2/P1) by applying the following equation:

P1/T1 = P2/T2

P1/299 = P2 /341.7

Cross multiply

299 x P2 = P1 x 341.7

Divide both side by 299

P2 = P1 x 341.7/299

Divide both side P1

P2/P1 = 341.7/299

P2/P1 = 1.14

Therefore, the ratio of final pressure to the initial pressure is 1.14

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a mercury barometer is a device that uses the physical properties of mercury in a tube to measure barometric pressure. mercury barometers are used for : -

1. measurement of atmospheric pressure  

2. determining the altitude of a place

3. weather forecasting

4. calibration and checking of aneroid barometers

5. application in fluid mechanics

6. measurement of pressure in aircrafts

7. surface weather analysis

8. preparation of barographs

9. usage in physical sciences like physics, astronomy & chemistry

10. preparation of aircraft altimeters

characteristics of mercury barometer : -

1.used to define and measure atmospheric pressure.

2.on the average at sea level the column of mercury rises to a height of about 760 mm.

3.this quantity is equal to 1 atmosphere.

4.it is also known as standard atmospheric pressure.

5.a barometer in which the weight of a column of mercury in a glass tube with a sealed top is balanced against that of the atmosphere pressing on an exposed cistern of mercury at the base of the mercury column, the height of the column varying with atmospheric pressure.