Study the reaction. X(s) + 2B(aq)→ X+(aq) + B2(g) Under which circumstances will the reaction rate be highest? A) the solid X is ground to a fine powder B) the solid X is in the form of a few smooth spheres C) the solid X is densely packed at the bottom of the container D) the solid X is in the form of a single, large cube.

An electrons position cannot be known precisely only it's probability of being in a certain location can be known

The atomic radius of sodium is 186 pm and of chlorine is 100 pm. the ionic radius for na+ is 102 pm and for cl– is 181 pm. in going from na to cl in period 3, why does the atomic radius decrease while the ionic radius increases? a. the inner electrons in the sodium cation shield its valence electrons more effectively than the inner electrons in the chloride anion do. b. the inner electrons shield the valence electrons more effectively in the chlorine atom than in the chloride anion. c. the outermost electrons in chloride experience a smaller effective nuclear charge than those in the sodium cation do. d. the outermost electrons in chloride experience a larger effective nuclear charge than those in the sodium cation do. e. monatomic ions are bigger than the atoms from which they are formed.

Which statement best summarizes the importance of ernest rutherford’s gold foil experiment? it proved that all of john dalton’s postulates were true. it verified j. j. thomson’s work on the atomic structure. it showed that an electron circles a nucleus in a fixed-energy orbit. it showed that a nucleus occupies a small part of the whole atom.