How is Mr. White’s reaction different than Mrs. White’s in the excerpt?

Santiago said, “a man can be destroyed but not defeated.” in essence he says that a. defeat is likely when you sail alone. b. man can face defeat so it is important to learn from your mistakes and be prepared. c. sharks can always defeat man unless man is well prepared. d. man can be hurt and even destroyed but still have the ability to control how it is viewed.

"as joseph sat in history class, he was aware that the teacher was talking, but instead of paying attention, he doodled in his notebook." this is an example of a. listening b. hearing c. talking d. understanding

How is the modern day example of stress in this passage different from the example from cavemen times?