Reread lines 30–45. Gold and diamond mining is an important part of South Africa's economy. In the past, most mine workers were African men who left their families in rural areas and worked under brutal conditions for white bosses. Why does Gordimer mentions her house's location above a mine here? Discuss how Gordimer's inclusion of the description of the miners is also an explanation of why people are afraid in South African society.

Answer and Explanation:

1. She described that her house is above a mine to show that the infrastructure problems of the house and the fragility it presents is not the result of poor construction or poor quality materials, but of the hollow soil below the house, which was triggered by the excavation to find precious metals in the mine.

2. The miners' description, on the other hand, presents the precarious situation as they live. This description also shows the number of miners who were found dead because of working conditions, which shows that miners are oppressed and exploited, but because of the economic condition people are increasingly submitting to this job.

1. read the following excerpt from franklin d. roosevelt's "fireside chat 19":

on the other side of the picture, we must learn also to know that guerilla warfare against the germans in, let us say serbia or norway, us; that a successful russian offensive against the germans us; and that british successes on land or sea in any part of the world strengthen our hands.

remember always that germany and italy, regardless of any formal declaration of war, consider themselves at war with the united states at this moment just as much as they consider themselves at war with britain or russia. and germany puts all the other republics of the americas into the same category of enemies. the people of our sister republics of this hemisphere can be honored by that fact.  

the true goal we seek is far above and beyond the ugly field of battle. when we resort to force, as now we must, we are determined that this force shall be directed toward ultimate good as well as against immediate evil. we americans are not destroyers — we are builders.

analyze the effectiveness of this excerpt. how does it function within the speech as a whole? how does the structure of the excerpt to convey the speech's purpose and key points? support your argument with evidence from the speech. (10 points)