All of the following affect climate except a. latitude b. ocean currents c. elevation d. the phases of the moon

All of the following affect climate except D. phases of moon.

Latitude is understood as the distance from equator. The areas near the equator are hotter and the places which are far from equator grows cooler.  

Ocean currents affect the climate by storing heat. During the day, the sand near the ocean are hotter where the air is also hot and rises. To fill the space cold air blows from the ocean. In night, the land is cooler than ocean and this helps to blow cold air to ocean and thus the areas near the ocean surface has moderate climate.  

Elevation: with the increase in elevation from the sea level, the temperate tends to decrease and there is cold climate.