The strong tendency of certain minerals to break along smooth, parallel planes is known

Cleavage refers to the propensity of crystalline minerals to split into one or more directions or planes when hit.

In other words:

It is the breaking of the crystals of minerals along its structural weakness planes due to external stresses. Being a good example of this the diamond.

Therefore:

The strong tendency of certain minerals to break in smooth and parallel planes is known as cleavage.

answer; i believe the answer is (25%)plz check first good luck;

heat released by collision processes during accretion, and heat from decay of radioactive elements

explanation: