Aman is shot in the head, and the bullet stops just outside the dura mater. what is the innermost layer that the bullet has penetrated?
a. fat
b. skin
c. bone
d. periosteum

Well, based off the question the man was shot just out side the dura mater which is inside the skull, which is covered with "periosteum". A periosteum is covered be fat. In turn the fat is covered by some skin.
 
But the question asked what's the "inner most layer" it could have penetrated. So the bullet penetrated the inner periosteum. 

So your answer would be "d. periosteum"
Hope this helps. c: