What was the main factor that made it possible for people to settle in permenat communitys?

What is the value of x? enter your answer in the box. x =

After early colonial losses to the british in new york, a.general washington withdrew his troops to pennsylvania. b.the colonies ratified the declaration of independence. c.the continental army set up headquarters at fort lee. d.general washington set up headquarters in new jersey.

I'd be super appreciative if someone could me out here! discuss the the following question: how influential were the three philosophers? why? (the three philosophers are locke, hobbes, and montesquieu)