Which of the following joined the nato alliance? select all that apply. the united states france the soviet union italy

The United States, France and Italy joined NATO.

Explanation:

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) is a military alliance founded on April 4th 1949 by the North Atlantic Treaty. The organization is based on collective defense, through which Member States agree to provide mutual protection in the event of an external attack.  

Until the Korean War, NATO was essentially a political organization. The military structure was built under the leadership of the United States. The confrontation during the Cold War led in 1955 to the establishment of a rival organization, the Warsaw Pact, a military-political organization of the communist countries of Eastern Europe which broke up after the split of the Soviet Union in 1991.

Italy, France and the United States were among the 12 founding members of the organization.

the answer is d. tariffs were raised by america's trading partners after the smoot-hawley tariff act, decreasing exports, and declining job rates.