Which movement led by vice president john c calhoun of south carolina called for the right to vote down on any congress asked they deemed not in favor of a states interest

This movement is known as the Nullification movement (also known as the Nullification Crisis).

The origins of this movement was in the passing of the Tariff of 1828. This tariff put a tax on imported goods. This negatively impacted Southern states, like South Carolina, as they relied heavily on trade with foreign countries. This is why John C. Calhoun tried to reject this federal law. Calhoun argued that states have the right to nullify (void) any law made by the federal government that the states deemed were in violation of their constitutional rights. This caused significant problems between Northern and Southern politicians in Congress.

                the united states presidential election of 1912 was the 32nd quadrennial presidential election, held on tuesday, november 5, 1912. the election was a rare four-way contest.

                incumbent president william howard taft was renominated by the republican party with the support of its conservative wing. after former president theodore roosevelt failed to receive the republican nomination, he called his own convention and created the progressive party (nicknamed the "bull moose party"). it nominated roosevelt and ran candidates for other offices in major states. democrat woodrow wilson was finally nominated on the 46th ballot of a contentious convention, to the support of william jennings bryan, the three-time democratic presidential candidate who still had a large and loyal following in 1912. eugene v. debs, running for a fourth time, was the nominee of the socialist party of america.

                wilson won the election, gaining a large majority in the electoral college and winning 42% of the popular vote, while roosevelt won 27%, taft 23% and debs 6%. wilson became the only elected president from the democratic party between 1892 and 1932, and the second of only two democrats to be elected president between 1860 and 1932. this was the last election in which a candidate who was not a republican or democrat came second in either the popular vote or the electoral college, and the first election in which all 48 states of the contiguous united states participated.

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