How was israel received by the arab community ?

When Israel was established as a country in place of Palestine in 1948, the other countries around them, (some Arab), attacked Israel in an attempt to crush the newly formed nation, triggering a series of smaller wars that Israel had to fight in for their own defense. In other words, based on this historic event, we can infer that the Arab community didn't exactly appreciate, much less like the Israelites.

the underground railroad (apocope of the metropolitan railroad) is a system of urban trains located within a city and its metropolitan area. it is characterized for being a massive transport of passengers in the big cities, uniting diverse zones and their environs, with high capacity and frequency and in segregated form to other systems of transport. metropolitan railroads are built underground or on the surface, although most systems use mixed models where sections are combined in both modalities.

1 - as a result, the metro tends to reduce car travel for two reasons: first, due to the greater transfer of users from the car and, second, due to the reduction in the acquisition of cars in homes located in sectors near the stations of the metro.

2 -the metro allows to contribute effectively to the achievement of all the objectives of an urban development policy: it improves the efficiency of the city's economy by reducing travel costs and also generates a higher level of activities in the city center, taking advantage of of the agglomeration economies.

3 -it is a clean means of transport, since it uses renewable energy (usually electricity), taking care of the environment and avoiding excessive pollution.

independent innovation during the abbasid caliphate