The Russian novelist and dissident who was exiled for writing about oppression in
the Soviet Union was Vaclav Havel
Andrei Sakharov
Alexander Solzhenitsyn
Karol Jozef Wojtyla

Alexander Solzhenitsyn.

Explanation:

Solzhenitsyn is the famous author of Gulag Archipelago, a work critical with the Stalinist regime describing the inhuman and brutal system of forced labor camps in the Soviet Union.  He was born in Russia in 1918. He won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1970. His major works include: Gulag Archipelago, One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich, The Red Wheel. He spend many years in prison and in internal exile. In the 1970s , he left the USSR. He came back to Russia in 1994. Solzhenitsyn died in 2008.