What was the principal means by which whites in America were able to force Jim Crow Laws on minority citizens following the end of Reconstruction?

What occupation did muhammad have before the first revelation? politician military general trader religious leader mark this and retum save and exit

What would de tocqueville later call civic responsibility? 1) liberty 2) laissez-faire 3) individualism 4) populism

What political party has a majority of members in both houses