Events following the Civil War resulted in the slowing of industrial progress.
the devastation of U. S. natural resources.
the U. S. Industrial Revolution.
the Second Industrial Revolution.

D. the Second Industrial Revolution.

Explanation:

the right answer is the third one: turnpikes went short distances to connect markets. turnpikes, also known as toll roads, were very important for trade and transportation (of people, goods and products) in the 19th century, coinciding with the expansion towards the west. they contributed significantly to the economic development of the united states.

a phrase from a poem by ralph waldo emerson about the battle of lexington and concord. emerson's words read, “here once the embattled farmers stood / and fired the shot heard round the world.”