In 661 ce, the caliph created a division in the muslim community by

question 10: the answer is c, to their constituents address a problem.

question 11: i think it would be domestic bills, which deal with american issues only and public bills, which affect the whole nation.

the committees of correspondence were the american colonies’ means for maintaining communication lines in the years before the revolutionary war. in 1764, boston formed the earliest committee of correspondence to encourage opposition to britain’s stiffening of customs enforcement and prohibition of american paper money. the following year, new york formed a similar committee to keep the other colonies notified of its actions in resisting the stamp act. in 1773, the virginia house of burgesses proposed that each colonial legislature appoint a committee for intercolonial correspondence. the exchanges that followed built solidarity during the turbulent times and bring about the formation of the first continental congress in 1774.

d is the right answer

it broke up the ottoman empire (just a small fact) and the turkish leaders lost many soldiers.