Which of the following best describes what happens if the supreme court refuses to review a case? a. the decision must be sent to congress to determine whether the defendant may receive a retrial. b. the defendant may be granted a retrial in a district court. c. the defendant may appeal to another circuit court for review. d. the decision of the lower appellate court stands.

freedom of speech is also protected by the 1 amendment.

explanation:

here is pretty much what the 1st amendment says:

congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of grievances.

yes

explanation:

the fighting words doctrine, in united states constitutional law, is a limitation to freedom of speech as protected by the first amendment to the united states constitution. in 1942, the u.s. supreme court established the doctrine by a 9–0 decision in chaplinsky v. new hampshire.