What family took over germany after the carolingians died out?

in 1897, pershing became a tactical officer at west point, and that's where he was given the nickname "black jack." pershing's first name is "john," for which "jack" is a nickname, and he was a white man who commanded black troops. hence "black jack".

the answer is a) to be able to obey them.

a sample of water is taken and kept in a beaker in a freezer at a constant temperature of 0°c. if the system is at dynamic equilibrium, which of these statements is true?