At the start of the battle of gettysburg, the union army:

a) drove the confederates out of pennsylvania.
b) was forced into a defensive position.
c) broke through the confederate army’s line.
d) fought the confederate army to a stand-off.

the answer is b by the way, just needed a way to let everyone know : )

affirmative action refers to the policies that take gender, race, or ethnicity into account in order to promote equal opportunity.

employers subject to title vii are prohibited from taking race or sex into account in any employment decisions. aa is a penalty for having any job group substantially statistically "underutilized" in any race or either sex. the employer must take steps to eliminate the underutilization, then stop, ending its aa efforts