How does the use of the term civilization by historians differ from that of popular usage? how do you use the term?

In popular usage, civilization infers superiority which is advanced behavior of a higher form of society is seen as unreservedly positive this idea suggest that other forms of living must be uncivilized which normally implies inferiority. Historians remain to use the term civilizations because the term is deeply set in our way of thinking about the world. There is no alternative term and we need to make differences among different kinds of human communities. They use civilization pure as a descriptive term designating a specific type of human society without implying any judgement in any sense of superiority or inferiority. Civilization is used to express broad cultural arrays in particular geographic regions distinguishing that many people living in those regions may have been more aware of differences and encounters than of those commonalities.

the berlin blockade was an international crisis that arose from an attempt by the soviet union, in 1948–49, to force the western allied powers (the united states, the united kingdom, and france) to abandon their post-world war ii jurisdictions in west berlin. in march 1948 the allied powers decided to unite their different occupation zones of germany into a single economic unit. in protest, the soviet representative withdrew from the allied control council. coincident with the introduction of a new deutsche mark in west berlin (as throughout west germany), which the soviets regarded as a violation of agreements with the allies, the soviet occupation forces in eastern germany began a blockade of all rail, road, and water communications between berlin and the west. on june 24 the soviets announced that the four-power administration of berlin had ceased and that the allies no longer had any rights there.

the treaty of brest-litovsk was a peace treaty signed on 3 march 1918 between the new bolshevik government of russia and the central powers (german empire, austria-hungary, bulgaria, and the ottoman empire), that ended russia's participation in world war i.