What physical feature separates the italian peninsula from the holy roman empire?

The alps are the physical feature that separates the Italian peninsula from the Holy Roman Empire.

The mountain range named as Alps is the most extensive and highest existing in Europe which extends roughly 1,200 kilometres across eight Alpine countries including  France, Switzerland, Monaco, Italy, Liechtenstein, Austria, Germany, and Slovenia. The Italian peninsula stretches north-south from the southern Alps to the central Mediterranean Sea.

The Holy Roman Empire was formed by the areas today occupied by the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Switzerland, Austria, the Czech and Slovak Republics, eastern France, northern Italy, Slovenia, and western Poland.

utilized the penal colony

answer; i believe its (jade); good luck