Consider a woman whose brother is afflicted with hemophilia, which implies that the woman’s mother has the hemophilia gene on one of her two x chromosomes. thus there is a 50-50 chance that the woman’s mother has passed on the bad gene to her. the woman has two sons, each of whom will independents inherit the gene from one of her two chromosomes. if the woman herself has a bad gene, there is a 50-50 chance she will pass this on to a son. suppose that neither of her two sons is afflicted with hemophilia. what then is the probability that the woman is indeed the carrier of the hemophilia gene? what is the probability if she had a third son who also is not afflicted?