H(x) = f(x) − c a horizontal shift of f, c units to the right a vertical shift of f, c units down a horizontal shift of f, c units to the left a vertical shift of f, c units up

a vertical shift of f, c units down

Step-by-step explanation:

Given:

- A function h(x) is defined as:

                                   h(x) = f(x) − c

Find:

- The effect of "c" on the f(x) function.

Solution:

- The effect of adding or subtracting any constant to or from a given function f(x) shifts the f(x) value for all values of x by an amount "c"

- This effect can be modeled on a graph by a "vertical shift" i.e there is an increase/decrease in every "y" value by amount "c" units.

- In the case given we see that "c" units have been subtracted from original f(x).

- Meaning, all f(x) values have decreased for every value of x. This can be categorized as vertical shift of f(x) with "c" units down.

side side side

side angle angle

angle side angle

side angle side

step-by-step explanation: