How would the photos set up change the mechanical advantage of lifting the block as compared with lifting the block without a lever? a. b. c. d. answers in the picture

  The mechanical advantage would decrease, making the block more difficult to lift.

The mechanical advantage in such a setup is the ratio of distance from A to B to the distance from D to B. In this picture, that ratio is less than 1, meaning the advantage of having this setup is less than the advantage of no setup at all.

While the force required to lift the block is increased by this setup, the distance over which that force is applied will be smaller for raising the block to a given height. (Overall, for the same height, more work is required with the lever setup because you're raising part of the mass of the lever as well as the mass of the block.)