The band gap of bulk silicon is 1.14 ev. a quantum dot can be modeled as an infinite square well in 3 dimensions, and the band gap is different for a quantum dot. consider a silicon particle that is a cube of size 4 nm. calculate the band gap for this particle, which is the energy difference between the lowest energy level of the electron in the conduction band and the highest energy level of the hole in the valence band using ε = 12, effective masses of electron = 0.35 and hole = 0.80 (in units of electron mass).

air exerts forces on falling objects near earth’s surface.

explanation:

the term 'free falls' refer to object that are falling towards the earth, in a situation in which gravity is the only force acting on the object.

for an object in free fall, the acceleration is constant (g, the gravitational acceleration), and so the velocity of the object constantly increases.

for objects near earth's surface, there is always another force acting on the object: the resistance due to the air. this force is opposed to the direction of fall of the object, and it is proportional to the velocity of the object, so as the object falls down, this force increases up to a point when it balances the force of gravity, and the object continues its motion at constant velocity (called terminal velocity). since in this case gravity is not the only force acting on the object, we are not in a situation of free fall.

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