How does a pulley make it easier to load cargo onto a cargo ship?

a.
the pulley increases the force needed to lift the load by moving it over a longer distance. it also changes the direction of the force. as the input force is applied downward, the output force is exerted upward.

b.
the pulley reduces the force needed to lift the load by moving it over a longer distance. it also changes the direction of the force. as the input force is applied downward, the output force is exerted upward.

c.
the pulley increases the force needed to lift the load by moving it over a shorter distance. it also changes the direction of the force. as the input force is applied upward, the output force is exerted downward.

d.
the pulley reduces the force needed to lift the load by moving it over a shorter distance. it also changes the direction of the force. as the input force is applied upward, the output force is exerted downward.

B.

The pulley reduces the force needed to lift the load by moving it over a longer distance. It also changes the direction of the force. As the input force is applied downward, the output force is exerted upward.

Explanation:

When we use pulley system to pull the heavy weight then it is easier to pull the weight upwards because while we use use pulley to pull the objects then the force that is applied on the string is exerted at some angle with the vertical

Due to this we need to apply force at some angle with the vertical and it increase the output force on the object which is to be pulled

So here our effort is in downward direction to pull the object in upward direction

so correct answer will be

B.

The pulley reduces the force needed to lift the load by moving it over a longer distance. It also changes the direction of the force. As the input force is applied downward, the output force is exerted upward.

positive reinforcement? ?

causes

fossil fuels burn

cities become more industrialized

human population grows worldwide