Use the accompanying seismogram to answer which of the three types of seismic waves reached the seismograph first.

Primary waves (P-waves)

Explanation:

Due to excess of the energy inside the earth when the tectonic plates begin to slide or fracture then the energy is released in the form of seismic waves, this causes the earthquake.

Two types of seismic waves are generally responsible for the earth quakes:

Body waves are of two types:

Primary waves (P-waves)

These are the fastest of all the waves involved in the earth-quake which travel at a speed of 1.6 km to 8 km per second.

They can pass trough solids, liquids and gases. They arrive at the surface as an instant thud.

Secondary waves (S-waves)

They can only pass through the solids and they move slower than the P-waves.

As S-waves move, they displace the rock particles, pushing them outwards perpendicular to the wave-path that leads to the earthquake-related first rolling period.

Surface waves (L-waves/ long waves)

force required to detach it is given by

charges are taken to be fundamental charge

now we have

so above is the minimum distance at which it will detach