the atomic radii of a divalent cation and a monovalent anion are 0.057 nm and 0.137 nm, respectively. (a) Calculate the force of attraction between these two ions at their equilibrium interionic separation (i. e., when the ions just touch one another). N (b) What is the force of repulsion at this same separation distance? N

grav potential energy

as we know our atmosphere or air have different levels. every level has other gasses, and every gas has another permeability. when the light comes from lower permeability to higher permeability, it changes its direction. so that means that when the light comes from the moon to the earth, it changes it's direction many more times. it basically means that the shape of the light part of the moon is changed on the earth.

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the answer is the first electromagnet (a). this is because it has more coils around the ferromagnetic material. increasing the number of coils increases the surface area in which the metal interacts with the current in the coil. this enables more atoms in the metal to become aligned hence becoming more magnetized.