What mass of a material with density ρ is required to make a hollow spherical shell having inner radius r1 and outer radius r2?

The man fires an 80 g arrow so that it is moving at 80 m/s when it hits and embeds in a 8.0 kg block resting on ice. how far will the block slide on the ice before stopping? a 7.1 n friction force opposes its motion.

Suppose that a comet that was seen in 563 a.d. by chinese astronomers was spotted again in year 1951. assume the time between observations is the period of the comet and take its eccentricity as 0.986. what are (a) the semimajor axis of the comet's orbit and (b) its greatest distance from the sun?

During a medieval siege of a castle, the attacking army uses a trebuchet to hurl heavy stones at the castle walls. if the trebuchet launches the stones with a velocity of at an angle of 50.0°, (a) how long does it take the stone to hit the ground? (b) what is the maximum distance that the trebuchet can be from the castle wall to be in range? (c) how high will the stones go? show all your work.