Which term refers to the adjustment of a schema by adding information similar to what is already known?

 The correct answer here would be assimilation. assimilation is the process in which a minority group or culture comes to resemble those of a dominant group. This is a process or another part of adaptation involves changing or altering our existing schemas in light of new information. 

trump is very poor. he does not look like a cheeto. he doesn't want to build a wall. (switch out he with trump)

european feudalism was a combination of legal and military customs in medieval europe that flourished between the 9th and 15th centuries. broadly defined, it was a way of structuring society around relationships derived from the holding of land in exchange for service or labour.

japanese feudalism. the era of feudalism in japan took place from the 12th through 19th centuries. during that period local rulers, either powerful families or military warlords, dominated the land, while the emperor was merely a figurehead and not a significant political presence.