Researchers have usually found that
a. females score higher on tests of verbal ability than males
b. males score higher on tests of verbal ability than females
c. there is no difference between males and females on tests of verbal ability
d. verbal ability differences between males and females are due to differences in tv viewing

A. females score higher on tests of verbal ability than males.

Explanation:

Research has shown that females tend to score higher on tests of verbal ability, than males. On the other hand, men tend to do slightly better when it comes to visuospatial skills. However, what reseach has been unable to prove is whether these differences are innate, or whether they are the result of socialization and cultural biases.

the answer might be either a or c. can't be too sure , because i searched the web, but no valid answers came through.

the arab empire adopted the muslim religion as their main belief. arabs would influence the people from the territories they invaded towards islam (the muslim belief).

nevertheless, throughout the history of the arab empire, rulers brought intellectual individuals from other religions to their centers of learning. these other foreigners included jews, christians, greeks, persians, and indians.   these resulted in the adoption of important knowledge developed by these cultures by the arabic empire. for example, the works of aristotle were translated from greek to arab and indian scientists brought the numerical concept of "zero" to the arabs.

nowadays, 93% of the arab population is muslim, which at the same time is subdivided in sects including the sunni, zaini, alawi, shia. the remaining 7% is composed mainly of christians.