Rachel finished her oral exam in her Spanish class, and her teacher Señora Lopez evaluated her performance. Although Rachel did well on the exam, and most of Señora Lopez's comments were positive, Rachel focused only on the negative critiques and felt very bad about her performance. Rachel just engaged in which of the following behaviors? a. pseudolistening
b. content-oriented listening
c. selective attention
d. negative attention bias

Explanation:

The way a persons perception is affected by various factor in their attention is called attention bias.

It is a person's failure to consider alternative possibilities when occupied with existing thoughts.  As it happens in smokers, they  have attention bias for the cues and warning about smoking around them as their brain alters their reward sensitivity.  

Similarly Rachel is also biased and only focused on the negative critique instead of positive comments so she is engaged in negative attention bias.