Maryann’s mother asks her to go clean up her room, and Maryann promptly ignores the instruction. Her mother asks her again, and the outcome is the same. After a third attempt, this time with a bit of volume, Maryann starts whining that she doesn’t want to clean up her room. Her mother finally gives up and says, "Fine, if you want to live in a filthy room, that’s your choice." Maryann’s mother has inadvertently increased the likelihood that Maryann will whine when asked to do a chore via theQuestion 11 options:A) negative reinforcement trap.

A- negative reinforcement trap

Explanation: By B. F. Skinner, The negative reinforcement trap occurs when a parent try to avoid a situation by engaging in a behaviour that suits the request of a child due to the child's plead or whinings. It is a type of behavior that is likely to occur in the future again because the child feels his request was granted and will always whine or cry to get his choice satisfied.

Negative reinforcement - like positive reinforcement -plays a role in maintaining behaviors that are beneficial and sometimes not. Most parents, inadvertently reinforce behaviour. For example

Maryam's mother's behavior of allowing the child leave her room dirty is negatively reinforced because she feels allowing her will make the winning stop. The child's whining is positively reinforced because she learns if she whines loud and long enough, she will be allowed to do as she pleases.

Negative reinforcement trap

Explanation:

The negative reinforcement trap can be defined as the way in which a person decide not to listen or change their behavior when they are been compelled to do so.

Negative reinforcement trap can happen in a situation where a father or mother told their child to carry out a given tasks and the child did not adhere to their advice by finding their way out in other not to do what they are commanded to do.

Although this happened because the parent do not follow through on the command they gave their child which is why the child still insisted on not doing what they requested her to do.

This scenario is an example of NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT TRAP.

1. state-issued photo ids. provide them for free for those who can't afford them.

2. the system we have seems to be working nearly perfectly. seems like about 31 cases per billion votes cast

3. the national policy for hiring new employees which requires proof of eligibility to work. there are something like 20 types of identification which can be used for this.