⚠️⚠️⚠️ ⚠️PLEASE HELP ME⚠️⚠️⚠️⚠️ Throughout this quarter we have learned about a variety of countries and their culture and economies in the Western Hemisphere. Additionally, we have discussed how these countries have interacted with one another throughout history and present day.

In this one paragraph response (5-6 sentences), you will use the definition of globalization (see below) to determine if these interactions have been positive or negative. Provide at least 2 specific examples that demonstrate globalization. You can discuss United States, Canada, Mexico, Central American or South America.

Globalization: speedup of movements and exchanges (of human beings, goods, and services, capital, technologies or cultural practices) all over the planet.

The Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat is a vital interface between

global policies in the economic, social and environmental spheres and national action. The Department works

in three main interlinked areas: (i) it compiles, generates and analyses a wide range of economic, social and

environmental data and information on which States Members of the United Nations draw to review common

problems and to take stock of policy options; (ii) it facilitates the negotiations of Member States in many

intergovernmental bodies on joint course of action to address ongoing or emerging global challenges; and (iii) it

advises interested Governments on the ways and means of translating policy frameworks developed in United

Nations conferences and summits into programmes at the country level and, through technical assistance, helps

build national capacities.

Note

The views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect those of the United Nations. The

designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression

of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal

status of any country or territory or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitations of its frontiers.

The term “country” as used in the text of the present report also refers, as appropriate, to territories

or areas.

The designations of country groups in the text and the tables are intended solely for statistical or

analytical convenience and do not necessarily express a judgement about the stage reached by a

particular country or area in the development process.

Mention of the names of firms and commercial products does not imply the endorsement of the

United Nations.

Symbols of United Nations documents are composed of capital letters combined with figures.

ST/ESA/328

United Nations publication

Sales No. 09.VI.13

ISBN 92-1-130283-7

Copyright © United Nations, 2009

All rights reserved

Printed by the United Nations, New York

STATE OF THE WORLD’S INDIGENOUS PEOPLES

iii

Acknowledgements

The State of the World’s Indigenous Peoples has been a collaborative effort in which a number of experts and

organizations have participated.

The thematic chapters were written by Joji Carino, Duane Champagne, Neva Collings, Myrna Cunningham,

Dalee Sambo Dorough, Naomi Kipuri and Mililani Trask. The introduction was written by the Secretariat of the

Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues.

The Secretariat of the Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues oversaw the preparation of the publication. Elsa

Stamatopoulou, Chief of the Secretariat provided overall leadership throughout the entire process of preparing this

publication. Broddi Sigurdarson was managing editor for the production of the publication from its inception.

Important contributions were made by Sonia Smallacombe, Carol Pollack, Juan Fernando Nuñez, Maria Luz

Aragon, Ekaterina Gorbunova and Anna Satarova. Contributions were also made by Oksana Burnabaeva, Olga

Khovenmei, Bonney Hartley, Tobias Langenbach and Elizabeth Martinez.

Special gratitude goes to the Russian Association of the Indigenous Peoples of the North (RAIPON) and the Yamal

Nenets Autonomous Okrug for organizing an expert Group Meeting in Salekhard, Russian Federation which brought

together the authors and other experts for a three day meeting in preparation for this publication. The efforts of

Pavel Sulyandziga were particularly valuable in organizing this meeting. Other individuals also contributed to this

meeting. They include: Rodion Sulyandziga, Yana Dordina, William Langeveldt and Oksana Ilyina.

Special acknowledgements go to the editor, Diana Vinding and also to Ziad Al-Kadri and Marko Srdanovic of the

UN Graphic Design Unit, Department of Public Information.

Jomo Kwame Sundaram, Assistant-Secretary-General for Economic Development, and Anisuzzaman Chowdhury

of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs provided invaluable comments.

Explanation:

the factors that the economies of the muslim empires prosper were:

1- land trade routes-located between three continents  

2- sea trade routes

trade contributed to the spread of muslim empires, and with that islamic culture led to a growing feeling of internationalism resulted in the transfer of technology, science, and other cultural forms.