Which statement accurately describes the relationship between the national, state, and local levels of political parties?
a. most parties are organized from the bottom up, with local organizations having the most power.
b. local and state organizations are closely supervised by party leaders at the national level.
c. local and state organizations can have platforms that differ from the party's national platform.
d. state organizations are required to represent the national party platform, while local organizations have more freedom
is it c ?

The pka of three different c―h bonds is given below. explain the observed trend in pka. select the single best answer.

Athief was passing by a house under construction when he noticed that the ladder being used by workers on the roof had copper braces supporting the rungs. after making sure that the workers on the roof could not see him, the thief used pliers that he had in his pocket to remove all of the copper braces that he could reach from the ground. a short time later, a worker climbed down the ladder and it collapsed. he fell to the ground and severely injured his back. the thief was apprehended a few hours later trying to sell the copper for scrap. a statute in the jurisdiction makes it a felony for "maliciously causing serious physical injury to another." the thief was charged with malicious injury under the statute and was also charged with larceny. after a jury trial in which the above facts were presented, he was convicted of both charges. if he appeals the conviction for the malicious injury charge on grounds of insufficient evidence, how should the court rule? a affirm the conviction, because the thief was engaged in criminal conduct at the time of the act that resulted in the injury. b affirm the conviction, because the jury could have found that the thief acted with malice. c reverse the conviction, because there was no evidence that the thief intended to injure anyone. d reverse the conviction, because there was no evidence that the thief bore any malice towards the workers on the roof.

Geography and harsh weather played a major role in the napoleons defeat during his invasion of